
El cambio climático interrumpe el movimiento fundamental de la energía a través de las cadenas alimentarias al alterar los patrones de temperatura, precipitación y la sincronización de especies.
El aumento de temperaturas cambia cuándo se reproducen, migran y se alimentan los organismos, creando desajustes que rompen la transferencia de energía entre niveles tróficos.
Rising temperatures damage photosynthetic capacity in plants and phytoplankton, reducing the base energy input for all ecosystems. Alpine and glacial regions face acute pressure: Swiss glaciers suffered a "disastrous" year of ice loss in 2025, directly threatening water supplies that sustain downstream ecosystems and their energy production cycles.
Climate change causes phenological mismatch, where predators and prey no longer align their life cycles. When insects emerge before plants leaf out, or birds arrive after peak insect availability, energy transfer efficiency declines sharply. This cascading effect propagates through food webs, reducing overall ecosystem productivity and resilience across trophic levels.